High-temperature torch, the glass tubing is heated to a malleable state

Blowing into the tube to maintain its uniform diameter and prevent collapsing

The artisan then carefully bends and shapes the glass according to the pattern

This step requires precision and a steady hand.

These electrodes will later be connected to a high-voltage.

Sparks often fly during this delicate fusion process.

The shaped glass tube, now with electrodes, is connected to a vacuum pump system.

This is a critical step to ensure the purity of the inert gas that will be introduced later and to prevent premature blackening of the glass

Once the gas is sealed inside, the neon tubes are carefully mounted onto a backing or frame

This is the final electrical connection step before the sign is ready.

With all connections made, the neon sign is tested to ensure proper illumination and functionality.

The artisan here looks proudly at his illuminated creations.